Pope Julius II, born Giuliano della Rovere on 5 December 1443 and reigning until his death on 21 February 1513, was head of the Catholic Church and leader of the Papal States from 1503. Nicknamed the Warrior Pope for his willingness to lead military campaigns personally, he is often thought to have chosen his papal name in emulation of Julius Caesar, and he stands as a central figure of the High Renaissance whose policies during the Italian Wars increased the power and centralization of the Papal States. As a builder and patron he established the Vatican Museums and, in 1506, initiated the rebuilding of St Peter's Basilica, the project that would remake the heart of the Vatican over the following century. That same year he organized the Swiss Guard for his personal protection and led a successful campaign in Romagna against local lords, while his interests extended to the New World as well, since he ratified the Treaty of Tordesillas and established the first bishoprics in the Americas. In 1508 he commissioned Raphael to paint what became known as the Raphael Rooms and commissioned Michelangelo to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, two of the defining artistic projects of the Renaissance. To help fund the Basilica's construction he allowed the sale of indulgences to donors, a policy that drew lasting criticism, and after his death he was sharply satirized by Erasmus of Rotterdam in the dialogue Julius Excluded from Heaven.
Facts
RolePope, head of the Catholic Church and leader of the Papal States (1503 to 1513). 1 BirthplaceAlbisola near Savona, Republic of Genoa 1 Role
Role (category) FAQs
How was Pope Julius II connected to the dukes of Urbino?
His brother married the heiress of Duke Federico of Montefeltro, and the later dukes of Urbino descended from them.
The link ran through his family. His only brother, Giovanni della Rovere, married the daughter and heiress of Duke Federico of Montefeltro, and the later dukes of Urbino descended from that marriage.
Connections
In Era
Source Pope Julius II (Wikipedia)
In the Other Atlases
Originated In
Also in Geography Atlas: where this subject originated.
Source Wikidata: Pope Julius II
Sources
1. Pope Julius II (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia Foundationlead, opening sentence (birth/death dates)
Pope Julius II (Latin: Iulius II; Italian: Giulio II; born Giuliano della Rovere; 5 December 1443 - 21 February 1513) was head of the Catholic Church and leader of the Papal States from 1503 to his death, in February 1513.
lead, opening sentence (birth year)
Pope Julius II (Latin: Iulius II; Italian: Giulio II; born Giuliano della Rovere; 5 December 1443 - 21 February 1513) was head of the Catholic Church and leader of the Papal States from 1503 to his death, in February 1513.
lead, opening sentence (death date)
Pope Julius II (Latin: Iulius II; Italian: Giulio II; born Giuliano della Rovere; 5 December 1443 - 21 February 1513) was head of the Catholic Church and leader of the Papal States from 1503 to his death, in February 1513.
lead, opening sentence (death year)
Pope Julius II (Latin: Iulius II; Italian: Giulio II; born Giuliano della Rovere; 5 December 1443 - 21 February 1513) was head of the Catholic Church and leader of the Papal States from 1503 to his death, in February 1513.
Early life section, opening sentence
Giuliano della Rovere was born in Albisola near Savona in the Republic of Genoa.
lead, opening sentence (birth name)
Pope Julius II (Latin: Iulius II; Italian: Giulio II; born Giuliano della Rovere; 5 December 1443 - 21 February 1513) was head of the Catholic Church and leader of the Papal States from 1503 to his death, in February 1513.
lead, second sentence
Nicknamed the Warrior Pope, the Battle Pope or the Fearsome Pope, it is often speculated that he had chosen his papal name not in honour of Pope Julius I but in emulation of Julius Caesar.
lead, opening sentence (office)
was head of the Catholic Church and leader of the Papal States from 1503 to his death, in February 1513.
Pope Julius II: Gender
Pope Julius II (Latin: Iulius II; Italian: Giulio II; born Giuliano della Rovere; 5 December 1443 - 21 February 1513) was head of the Catholic Church and leader of the Papal States from 1503 to his death, in February 1513.
In Era: The Renaissance, lead, third sentence
Julius II was a central figure of the High Renaissance and left a significant cultural and political legacy.
View the Source Wikidata: Pope Julius II
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