The Black Sea Grain Initiative was an agreement signed on July 22, 2022, at Dolmabahce Palace in Istanbul by Ukraine, Russia, Turkey and the United Nations, structured as two mirrored agreements rather than one document directly between Ukraine and Russia. It created demined shipping corridors from Ukrainian Black Sea ports, with vessels inspected by a Joint Coordination Centre in Istanbul, so that grain and other food exports could resume despite Russia's invasion of Ukraine and the resulting global food crisis. Over roughly one year of operation, more than 1,100 voyages carried nearly 33 million tonnes of grain to over 40 countries. Russia allowed the deal to lapse on July 17, 2023, after renewal talks failed over its demands, including reconnection of its agricultural bank to the SWIFT payment system. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
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Source Wikipedia: Black Sea Grain Initiative
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1. Wikipedia: Black Sea Grain Initiative
Lead section
The Black Sea Grain Initiative (or the Initiative on the Safe Transportation of Grain and Foodstuffs from Ukrainian ports commonly called the grain deal in the media) was an agreement between Russia, Ukraine, Turkey, and the United Nations (UN).
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On 17 November 2022, the UN and Ukraine announced that the agreement had been extended for a further 120 days. In March 2023, Turkey and the UN announced that they had secured a second extension for at least another 60 days.
Lead
was an agreement between Russia, Ukraine, Turkey, and the United Nations (UN)
In Group: International Agreements and Pacts of the Contemporary Era, 1990 Onward, Lead paragraph
The February 2022 invasion led to a complete halt of maritime grain shipments
In Era: The Contemporary Period, lead paragraph and infobox, date
On 17 November 2022, the UN and Ukraine announced that the agreement had been extended for a further 120 days. In March 2023, Turkey and the UN announced that they had secured a second extension for at least another 60 days.
View the SourceWikidata: Black Sea Grain Initiative
Wikidata Q113295397, class allow-list match (w-wdresolver-0926)View the Source Reader Challenges (0)
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