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Treaty of Tientsin

Peace Treaties and Territorial Settlements

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The Treaty of Tientsin, also known as the Treaty of Tianjin, is a collective name for several unequal treaties signed at Tianjin in June 1858 among the Qing dynasty, the Russian Empire, the Second French Empire, the United Kingdom and the United States. The treaties opened more Chinese ports to foreign trade, permitted foreign legations in Beijing, allowed Christian missionary activity, and effectively legalized the import of opium. They ended the first phase of the Second Opium War, which had begun in 1856, and were ratified by the Emperor of China in the Convention of Peking in 1860, after the war's end.

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