Joseph II was Holy Roman Emperor from 18 August 1765 and sole ruler of the Habsburg monarchy from 29 November 1780 until his death. He was the eldest son of Empress Maria Theresa and her husband, Emperor Francis I, and the brother of Marie Antoinette, Leopold II, Maria Carolina of Austria and Maria Amalia, Duchess of Parma. He was the first ruler in the Austrian dominions of the union of the Houses of Habsburg and Lorraine, styled Habsburg-Lorraine.
Facts
Rolewas Holy Roman Emperor from 18 August 1765 and sole ruler of the Habsburg monarchy from 29 November 1780 until his death 1 Role
Role (category) FAQs
How did Joseph II treat religious toleration when he began to rule alone?
James D. Hardy's entry on Joseph II in the Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World, reproduced on Encyclopedia.com, says of Joseph II: "He began his reign with an edict of religious toleration (13 October 1781), fulfilling the Enlightenment ideal that religious persecution was squalid, loathsome, and beneath the moral dignity of a modern monarch."
What did Joseph II change about serfdom?
James D. Hardy's entry on Joseph II in the Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World, reproduced on Encyclopedia.com, says of Joseph II: "On 1 November 1781, he abolished some of the worst disabilities of serfdom in the lands of Bohemia and Austria, and he extended these reforms to Transylvania in 1783 and Hungary in 1785."
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Source Wikidata: Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor
Sources
1. Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor - Wikipedia
Early life section (birth)
He was born on Monday, 13 March 1741, at two in the morning, in Vienna's Hofburg
Death section (date)
On the night of 19-20 February 1790, Joseph was able to sleep for a few hours
Opening paragraph
was Holy Roman Emperor from 18 August 1765 and sole ruler of the Habsburg monarchy from 29 November 1780 until his death
Early life section (baptism)
Joseph Benedict Augustus Johann Anton Michael Adam was baptised by the papal nuncio
- Wikipedia biography, pronouns/title in lead section (w-bbfill-history3-0927)
In Era: The Early Modern Period, lead paragraph, lifespan
Joseph II (13 March 1741 - 20 February 1790) was Holy Roman Emperor from 18 August 1765 and sole ruler of the Habsburg monarchy from 29 November 1780 until his death.
View the SourceWikidata: Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor
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