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Sacagawea

Also Known As also spelled Sacajawea or Sakakawea
Explorers and Navigators

Sacagawea was a Lemhi Shoshone woman who served as an interpreter and guide for the Lewis and Clark Corps of Discovery Expedition across the western portion of the future United States between 1804 and 1806, having been brought onto the expedition through her French Canadian trapper husband, Toussaint Charbonneau, whom the expedition hired partly for her language skills. Traveling with her infant son for much of the journey, she helped the expedition negotiate for horses with a Shoshone band that turned out to be led by her own brother, a chance reunion that proved critical to the expedition's ability to cross the Rocky Mountains, and her presence with a child is credited by expedition members' own journals with signaling peaceful intent to other Native groups the party encountered along the way. She also assisted the expedition with knowledge of edible plants and geography in parts of the route, and her contributions, recorded directly in the journals of Lewis and Clark, made her one of the few Indigenous women whose role in a major exploration expedition is documented in first-hand contemporary sources rather than reconstructed later. She has since become one of the most commemorated women in American history, honored on currency and in numerous statues and place names, though many details of her later life and the date of her death remain disputed among historians.

Facts
Disputed
Death Year
1812 CE 1
1812 is the widely accepted date, recorded in expedition-era documents, but Hidatsa and Shoshone oral traditions hold she lived much longer, into 1869 or 1884; the exact year is a live historical dispute.
Death Date
1812-12-20 1
1812 is the widely accepted date, recorded in expedition-era documents, but Hidatsa and Shoshone oral traditions hold she lived much longer, into 1869 or 1884; the exact date is a live historical dispute.
Death Place
Fort Manuel Lisa, near present-day Kenel, South Dakota (per the 1812 account); an alternative oral-tradition account places her death decades later on the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming 1
Documentary sources place her death at Fort Manuel in 1812; Shoshone oral tradition places it much later at Wind River. Both are recorded here rather than silently picking one.
Birth Year
1788 CE 1
Role
Lemhi Shoshone guide and interpreter for the Lewis and Clark Expedition (Corps of Discovery). 1
Birthplace
Lemhi River valley, near present-day Salmon, Idaho 1
Classification
Gender
Female 1
Role
Role (category)
Explorer 1
FAQs

What role did Sacagawea play in the Corps of Discovery getting horses from the Lemhi Shoshone?

She was reunited with her brother Cameahwait during the negotiations; afterward Lewis secured pack horses.

The National Park Service says that while the Corps was negotiating with the Lemhi Shoshone, Sacagawea was surprised to see Cameahwait, who was her brother. After their reunion, negotiations between the Corps and the Lemhi Shoshone continued, and Lewis was able to secure a number of pack horses, and the party continued west.
Connections

In Era

Source Sacagawea (Wikipedia)
In the Other Atlases

Originated In

Also in Geography Atlas: where this subject originated.

Sources
1. Sacagawea (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia Foundation
  • Lead sentence, parenthetical dates
    c. May 1788
  • Infobox, Born
    birth_date = May 1788
  • Infobox, Died
    death_date = December 20, 1812 (aged 24)
  • Lead sentence, role clause
    was a Lemhi Shoshone or Hidatsa woman who, in her teens, helped the Lewis and Clark Expedition in achieving their chartered mission objectives
  • Body text, spelling variants
    Lewis and Clark's original journals mention Sacagawea by name seventeen times, spelled eight different ways, all with a "g".
  • Lead sentence, parenthetical dates, death clause
    December 20, 1812
  • Sacagawea: Gender
    Sacagawea was a Lemhi Shoshone woman who served as an interpreter and guide for the Lewis and Clark Corps of Discovery Expedition across the western portion of the future United States between 1804 and 1806, having been brought onto the expedition through her French Canadian trapper husband, Toussaint Charbonneau, whom the expedition hired partly for her language skills.
  • Wikipedia biography, role/occupation stated in lead section (w-bbfill-history3-0927)
  • In Era: The Late Modern Period, lead paragraph, lifespan
    Infobox: born May 1788; died December 20, 1812 (aged 24)
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