The Principality of Tver was a Russian principality that existed between the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries with its capital at Tver, occupying territory in what is now Tver Oblast and eastern Smolensk Oblast. It was established in 1246 when Yaroslav Yaroslavich became its first prince, one of several successor states that emerged after the collapse of Kievan Rus, and during the fourteenth century Tver rivaled the Principality of Moscow for leadership of a unified Russian state. Tver's power declined sharply after an anti-Tatar uprising in 1327 led to the city being burned, and Moscow's rise under Ivan I followed; the principality was annexed by Moscow in 1485 under Ivan III after its last ruler, Mikhail III, sought a Lithuanian alliance.
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