Statesmen and Political Leaders

Heads of government, heads of state and senior political figures of the modern era whose authority came from office, election, appointment or a ruling political party rather than hereditary succession: presidents, prime ministers, chancellors, party leaders and senior ministers. Belongs here: modern-era political leaders governing through non-hereditary office, including single-party and authoritarian rulers who took power through a political apparatus rather than a crown. Does not belong here: hereditary monarchs, grouped under Monarchs and Rulers, or leaders whose primary historical role in this atlas is leading an independence or revolutionary movement rather than holding settled office, grouped under Revolutionaries and Independence Leaders.