Henry IV of England

Henry IV, also known as Henry Bolingbroke, was King of England from 1399 to 1413, Lord of Ireland and Duke of Aquitaine. He was the son of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, and a grandson of King Edward III. After his father died in 1399 and King Richard II blocked his inheritance of the Lancastrian estates, Henry rallied Lancastrian supporters, imprisoned Richard and formally deposed him, usurping the throne, actions that later contributed to the dynastic disputes of the Wars of the Roses. He was the first English ruler whose mother tongue was English rather than French since the Norman Conquest, and as king he faced rebellions including that of Owain Glyndwr and the English knight Henry Percy, known as Hotspur, who was killed at the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403. Henry IV died in 1413 and was succeeded by his son Henry V.